Erythema toxicum
Introduction
Erythema toxicum (eh-ruh-thee-muh tok-si-kum) is a very common skin condition that is seen in newborn babies. It is also known as erythema toxicum neonatorum or toxic erythema of the newborn. Newborn babies are otherwise well while having erythema toxicum and the rash resolves without treatment.
.png)
Newborn with red spotty rash on head and chest from erythema toxicum
Who gets it?
Erythema toxicum is very common and affects up to 1 in 2 babies who are born full term and is not usually seen in babies born prematurely. Newborn boys and girls of all races are equally affected. It usually starts within the first week after birth and clears up on its own in 2-6 weeks.
What causes it?
The exact cause of Erythema toxicum is unknown, although a number of theories have been suggested. Some believe it may be part of your baby’s immune system “turning on”, an allergic reaction to his or her new environment or due to heat/contact with new materials.
What does it look and feel like?
Looks like…
Pin-sized flat red patches, raised pimples or pus filled bumps.
It can be on any part of your baby's body, sometimes the rash starts on the baby’s head and gradually moves down the body.
Feels like…
The red spots of erythema toxicum can be both flat or raised like fine pimples.
Your baby won't have any pain or itch from the rash.
What tests might be needed?
No specific test is needed to diagnose erythema toxicum. It can be diagnosed clinically by your child's GP or dermatologist. If another diagnosis is suspected, the doctor may swab the skin to rule out an infection.
What treatments are available?
What can I do?
Continue to feed and look after your baby as normal. Special creams or cleansers are unlikely to help clear erythema toxicum.
Medical therapies
No medical treatments are needed.
What happens after treatment?
The rash will likely resolve in 1-2 weeks, in some cases it may take up to 6 weeks.
What support is available?
Your GP or dermatologist is there for you when you have any concerns about your baby and their skin.
Authors/Reviewers:
Author: Dr Thomas Guy
Paediatric Reviewer: Dr Mayuri Sivagnanam
Editor in Chief: Dr Tevi Wain